Defined terms in the registry — page 4
195 documents of type defined term.
Documents
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A single molecule activating three receptors, in this set GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon. The glucagon component contributes an energy-expenditure effect and a hepatic effect…
30 Jul 2026 -
A pancreatic hormone co-secreted with insulin that slows gastric emptying and promotes satiation through the area postrema. Amylin analogues act on a mechanism largely…
30 Jul 2026 -
A compound activating amylin and calcitonin receptors, producing meal-related satiation. Combined with an incretin agonist in at least one fixed-combination product in…
30 Jul 2026 -
Attachment of a fatty-acid chain to a peptide, most often to mediate reversible albumin binding and thereby extend half-life. The structural feature underlying weekly…
30 Jul 2026 -
A circumventricular structure lacking a complete blood–brain barrier, accessible to circulating peptides and central to both the satiety and the nausea effects of this…
30 Jul 2026 -
The rate at which stomach contents pass into the duodenum. Delayed by GLP-1 receptor agonism, with partial attenuation on continued dosing, and relevant to both…
30 Jul 2026 -
Breakdown of a peptide by proteases, principally dipeptidyl peptidase-4 for incretins. Resistance is engineered by substitution at the cleavage site.
30 Jul 2026 -
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4, the protease that cleaves native glucagon-like peptide-1 within minutes. Every long-acting analogue in this set is protected against it…
30 Jul 2026 -
Separation on a hydrophobic stationary phase under an acidified aqueous–organic gradient, with ultraviolet detection at 214 nanometres. The Institute’s reference method…
30 Jul 2026 -
The area of the main peak as a percentage of total integrated area under stated conditions. A relative measure that assumes comparable molar absorptivity across species…
30 Jul 2026 -
The retention-time range over which peak areas are summed. Changing the window changes the reported purity without changing the material, which is why the Institute…
30 Jul 2026 -
The programmed change in mobile-phase composition over a chromatographic run. A shallow gradient resolves close-eluting species that a steep gradient co-elutes, and the…
30 Jul 2026 -
A property of a method that separates the intact compound from its degradation products, demonstrated by forced-degradation study. A purity method that is not…
30 Jul 2026 -
Deliberate exposure of a sample to heat, light, acid, base and oxidant to generate degradation products against which a method’s specificity is demonstrated.
30 Jul 2026 -
A set of criteria confirmed at the time of analysis establishing that the chromatographic system is performing adequately. A result obtained on a system failing…
30 Jul 2026 -
The mass fraction of a lyophilisate that is peptide, the remainder being water, counter-ion and residual solvent. Determined by amino-acid analysis or nitrogen…
30 Jul 2026 -
The sum of peptide content, water content and counter-ion content, which should approach one hundred per cent. A certificate that does not permit a mass balance to be…
30 Jul 2026 -
The ion paired with a charged peptide, most often trifluoroacetate or acetate from purification. Can constitute a substantial fraction of the mass of a basic peptide and…
30 Jul 2026 -
The counter-ion most commonly introduced by reverse-phase purification with trifluoroacetic acid. Quantified by ion chromatography or fluorine nuclear magnetic…
30 Jul 2026 -
The reference method for water content, based on the stoichiometric reaction of water with iodine and sulfur dioxide. The only water determination the Institute accepts…
30 Jul 2026 -
The mass fraction of a lyophilisate that is water. Substantial for a hygroscopic peptide and a direct subtraction from delivered peptide mass.
30 Jul 2026 -
Determination of mass-to-charge ratio, used to confirm identity. For a peptide, deconvolution of the multiply charged envelope should return an average mass within a…
30 Jul 2026 -
The mass calculated using the most abundant isotope of each element. Requires high resolving power to determine for a peptide of several kilodaltons, and is not…
30 Jul 2026 -
The mass calculated using isotope-averaged atomic weights, and the value returned by deconvolution of an electrospray charge envelope at moderate resolution.
30 Jul 2026 -
A second analytical method resting on a different physical principle from the first. Identity confirmed by two orthogonal methods is materially stronger than identity…
30 Jul 2026 -
Confirmation that the material is the substance claimed. Retention-time correspondence alone is weak evidence of identity; mass-spectrometric confirmation of the…
30 Jul 2026 -
Enzymatic digestion followed by chromatographic and mass-spectrometric analysis of the resulting fragments, used to confirm sequence. Rarely performed on research-supply…
30 Jul 2026 -
Impurities structurally related to the target peptide, arising from synthesis or degradation. Reported by name and retention time on a complete certificate and as a…
30 Jul 2026 -
An impurity lacking one or more residues, arising from incomplete coupling during synthesis. Often close-eluting and detectable only by mass spectrometry.
30 Jul 2026 -
Conversion of asparagine or glutamine to the corresponding acid, adding one dalton and altering charge. A principal storage-related degradation route for peptides in…
30 Jul 2026 -
Conversion of aspartate to isoaspartate through a succinimide intermediate, producing a species of identical mass and different retention. Undetectable by mass alone.
30 Jul 2026 -
Addition of oxygen to methionine, tryptophan or cysteine, adding sixteen daltons. Accelerated by peroxide, light and metal ions.
30 Jul 2026 -
Association of peptide molecules into higher-order species, driven by agitation, freeze–thaw cycling and proximity to the isoelectric point. Not detected by a…
30 Jul 2026 -
Separation by hydrodynamic radius, the standard method for aggregate determination. Reported on no certificate in the Institute’s sampled set.
30 Jul 2026 -
Lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacterial cell walls, pyrogenic on parenteral administration. Determined by a lysate-based or recombinant assay against a dose- and…
30 Jul 2026 -
The absence of viable microorganisms, demonstrated by a compendial test on the finished presentation. Distinct from endotoxin content, which persists after sterilisation.
30 Jul 2026 -
The proportion of residues in the intended stereochemical configuration. Racemisation during synthesis produces species of identical mass and identical reverse-phase…
30 Jul 2026 -
The lowest concentration at which a determination can be made with stated precision and accuracy. An impurity below the limit is not absent; it is unquantified.
30 Jul 2026 -
The lowest concentration at which the presence of a species can be distinguished from noise. Lower than the limit of quantitation and not a basis for a numerical result.
30 Jul 2026 -
A characterised material with an assigned content value against which a determination is made. A result obtained without a named standard reports an area percentage…
30 Jul 2026
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