Indication assessment · §2
Cutaneous wound healing and tissue repair — evidence across compounds
Every compound the Institute assesses in cutaneous wound healing and tissue repair, with its certainty rating.
§2Evidence across compounds
Every compound the Institute assesses in this indication, with the effect as recorded, the certainty rating and the contributing trials. Effects are reported on the anchor outcome where the contributing trials measured it and on the outcome the trial actually reported where they did not.
Table 1. Compounds assessed in cutaneous wound healing and tissue repair, ordered by certainty.
| Compound | Effect as recorded | Interval as reported | Certainty | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GHK-CuCopper(II)-complexed tripeptide | Small controlled dermatological studies report improvements in skin roughness, wrinkle depth and collagen density with topical application over 12 weeks | small samples; instrument-based endpoints | Low | 2 |
| LL-3737-residue cationic antimicrobial host-defence peptide | A phase 1/2 trial of intralesional LL-37 in hard-to-heal venous leg ulcers reported greater ulcer-area reduction at intermediate doses than at the highest dose | small sample; non-monotonic dose response | Low | 1 |
| Thymosin beta-443-residue actin-sequestering polypeptide | Phase 2 trials in dry-eye disease, epidermolysis bullosa and venous stasis ulcers reported signals on some secondary endpoints without meeting primary endpoints consistently | heterogeneous; no confirmatory result | Low | 3 |
| BPC-157Synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from a gastric juice… | No randomised controlled human trial identified | — | Very low | 0 |
| GHRP-6Growth-hormone secretagogue, non-selective ghrelin receptor… | No randomised human evidence identified | — | Very low | 0 |
| KPVC-terminal tripeptide fragment of alpha-melanocyte-stimulati… | No randomised controlled human trial identified | — | Very low | 0 |
| TB-500Acetylated heptapeptide fragment of thymosin beta-4 | Clinical trials of the full-length thymosin beta-4 protein were conducted in epidermolysis bullosa and in dry-eye disease; results did not support marketing authorisation | not reportable for the fragment | Very low | 2 |
| Estimates in this table are not on a common scale and must not be subtracted from one another. Where a comparison between two compounds has been made directly, it appears in a synthesis and not here. | ||||
Moderate or high certaintyLow or very low certainty
§2.1Syntheses bearing on this indication
- Human evidence for BPC-157 — Very low
- Thymosin beta-4 in cutaneous wound healing and tissue repair: effect on the anchor outcome — Low
- GHK-Cu in cutaneous wound healing and tissue repair: effect on the anchor outcome — Low
- Thymosin beta-4 in cutaneous wound healing and tissue repair: tolerability and discontinuation — Low
- GHK-Cu in cutaneous wound healing and tissue repair: tolerability and discontinuation — Low
- Thymosin beta-4 in cutaneous wound healing and tissue repair: durability of effect — Low
References cited on this page
References are numbered in order of first citation in this document. Each superscript in the text links to its entry below.
- Pickart L, Margolina A. Regenerative and protective actions of the GHK-Cu peptide in the light of the new gene data. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2018;19(7):1987. doi:10.3390/ijms19071987 · PMID 29986520
- D’Hondt M, Bracke N, Taevernier L, Gevaert B, Verbeke F, Wynendaele E, De Spiegeleer B. Related impurities in peptide medicines. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2014;101:2–30. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2014.06.012 · PMID 25044089
Identifiers are reproduced only where the Institute holds them. Where a digital object identifier or PubMed identifier is not shown, the Institute has recorded the journal and year and has not constructed an identifier.
Compound Evidence Institute · CEI-IN-23/2 · https://compoundevidence.com/indications/wound-healing/evidence/ · retrieved 30 July 2026