Glutathione — clinical evidence
Assessed outcomes with certainty ratings, contributing trials and the reasoning for each rating.
§3Clinical evidence
§3.1Cognitive performance and neuroprotection
Anchor outcome. Domain-specific cognitive test scores.
Effect as recorded. Small randomised trials of intravenous and intranasal glutathione in Parkinson disease reported no significant benefit over placebo on motor endpoints; negative results in small samples.[1,2]
Certainty. Low certainty The available randomised evidence is negative rather than absent, which the Institute distinguishes.
Contributing trials. GSH-PD-PH2. Full structured abstracts are published for each.
Full evidence extract for cognitive performance and neuroprotection · Indication assessment
§3.2Biological ageing and healthspan endpoints
Anchor outcome. Epigenetic age acceleration.
Effect as recorded. No randomised evidence for any ageing endpoint; —.[2,3]
Certainty. Very low certainty —
Contributing trials. None identified. The rating reflects an absence of controlled evidence rather than conflicting evidence.
Full evidence extract for biological ageing and healthspan endpoints · Indication assessment
§3.3Immune modulation and adjunctive immunotherapy
Anchor outcome. CD4 and CD8 counts.
Effect as recorded. No assessable randomised evidence for immune outcomes; —.[3,4]
Certainty. Very low certainty —
Contributing trials. None identified. The rating reflects an absence of controlled evidence rather than conflicting evidence.
Full evidence extract for immune modulation and adjunctive immunotherapy · Indication assessment
References cited on this page
References are numbered in order of first citation in this document. Each superscript in the text links to its entry below.
- D’Hondt M, Bracke N, Taevernier L, Gevaert B, Verbeke F, Wynendaele E, De Spiegeleer B. Related impurities in peptide medicines. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2014;101:2–30. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2014.06.012 · PMID 25044089
- Manning MC, Chou DK, Murphy BM, Payne RW, Katayama DS. Stability of protein pharmaceuticals: an update. Pharmaceutical Research 2010;27(4):544–575. doi:10.1007/s11095-009-0045-6 · PMID 20143256
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention. General Chapter ⟨85⟩ Bacterial Endotoxins Test. United States Pharmacopeia — National Formulary (USP–NF) 2024;USP 2024 Issue 1. identifier not held by the Institute
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention. General Chapter ⟨71⟩ Sterility Tests. United States Pharmacopeia — National Formulary (USP–NF) 2024;USP 2024 Issue 1. identifier not held by the Institute
Identifiers are reproduced only where the Institute holds them. Where a digital object identifier or PubMed identifier is not shown, the Institute has recorded the journal and year and has not constructed an identifier.