NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) — compound monograph
Endogenous pyridine dinucleotide coenzyme. Unapproved, research supply. The Institute assesses 4 outcomes for this compound and grades the strongest at very low certainty.
§1Identification and status
§1.1Nomenclature
- Preferred name
- NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
- Compound class
- Endogenous pyridine dinucleotide coenzyme
- Assessment series
- Mitochondrial and metabolic cofactors
- Synonyms and codes
- NAD · NAD+ · β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide · diphosphopyridine nucleotide
- Route as evaluated
- Intravenous infusion, subcutaneous or intranasal in research contexts; oral precursors are a separate matter
§1.2Chemistry
Chemical identifiers are reproduced where they are public. Where a structure has not been published the monograph records not disclosed rather than constructing one.[1]
- CAS registry number
- 53-84-9
- Molecular formula
- C21H27N7O14P2
- Average mass
- 663.43
- Monoisotopic mass
- 663.11
- ATC classification
- not assigned
§1.3Sequence and structural notes
NAD+ is a coenzyme, not a peptide. It is included in this monograph series because it is supplied through the same channels and marketed alongside research peptides, and because the analytical framework that applies to it is entirely different: it is a small, highly polar, UV-active nucleotide requiring ion-pairing or hydrophilic-interaction chromatography and offering an unusually diagnostic ultraviolet spectrum.
§1.4Assessment status
The Institute assesses NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) across 4 indications and grades the strongest of them at very low certainty. Supplied as a research chemical; no marketing authorisation for the uses under which it is supplied.
Table 1. Assessed outcomes for NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), ordered by certainty. Each row links to the per-indication evidence extract.
| Indication | Effect as recorded | Certainty | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol use disorder | No assessable randomised evidence identified | Very low | 0 |
| Biological ageing and healthspan endpoints | No randomised controlled human trial of administered NAD+ on any ageing endpoint identified | Very low | 0 |
| Cognitive performance and neuroprotection | No assessable randomised evidence identified | Very low | 0 |
| Primary mitochondrial myopathy and bioenergetic disorders | No assessable randomised evidence identified for administered NAD+ | Very low | 0 |
| Effects are reproduced as the contributing trials reported them. Where a confidence interval is held it appears on the per-indication extract rather than in this summary table. | |||
References cited on this page
References are numbered in order of first citation in this document. Each superscript in the text links to its entry below.
- International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. ICH Q6B Specifications: Test Procedures and Acceptance Criteria for Biotechnological/Biological Products. ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline 1999;Step 4 version. identifier not held by the Institute
Identifiers are reproduced only where the Institute holds them. Where a digital object identifier or PubMed identifier is not shown, the Institute has recorded the journal and year and has not constructed an identifier.